总结一例英语 第1篇
1.短语归纳:
Your name你的名字first name名字last name姓氏her name她的名字
telephone /phone number电话号码in China在中国
2.必背典句:
1.—nice to meet you!见到你很高兴!
—Nice to meet you,too.见到你我也很高兴。
2.—What’s your name?你的名字是什么?
—Alan.艾伦
’m Jenny我是珍妮。
4. What’s his / her name?他的/她的名字是什么?
5. Her name’s Mary.她的名字是玛丽。
6. What’s your first/last name?你的名字/姓氏是什么?
7.—What’s his telephone number ?他的电话号码是多少?
—It’s 876-9548是876-9548.
3.形容词性物主代词
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,是人称代词的属格形式。它分第一人称、第二人称和第三人称,每个人称又分单数和复数。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词的用法和形容词的用法相似,具有形容词的性质。在句中作定语,修饰名词,一般放在被修饰的名词前,不能单独使用。如果名词前还有其他的定语,物主代词要放在其他定语的前面。
(x年重庆中考题)Please send best wishes to Mary.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
(x年河北) George reads the newspaper every morning . That’s habit.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
(四川南充中考) She is a student and name is Kate.
A. she B. her C. hers
动词用法
(1)be动词(am, is, are)这三个动词常用做连系动词,在句子中起连接主语和表语的作用。
This is my mother.这是我的妈妈。
I am nine.我九岁了。
You are my good friend.你是我的好朋友。
(2)be动词三种形式的使用主要取决于主语。主语是第一人称I(我)时,用am,主语是第二人称you(你,你们)或名词及代词的复数时,用are,主语是第三人称单数it / he / she(它/他/她)或名词及代词单数时,用is.
(3)am , is, are的意思是“是”,但不能处处翻译成“是”。例,How are you?你好吗?
引导的特殊疑问句
英语中用于提出疑问的句子叫疑问句,以what等特殊疑问词开头的句子叫特殊疑问句,用法如下:
(1)询问姓名,—What’s your name?你的名字是什么?—Alan.艾伦。
(2)询问某物用英语怎么说。 —What’s this in English? —It’s a telephone.这是一部电话。
(3)询问电话号码。 —What’s your telephone / phone number?你的电话号码是多少?
—It’s 563-4789.是5634789.
总结一例英语 第2篇
过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧,渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词(the Participle Adjective),实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词,除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。如:
spoken English (英语口语);iced beer (冰冻啤酒);cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);
但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面,作前置定语。
The excited people rushed into building.激动的人们冲进大楼。(=the people who were excited)
Lost time can never be found again.虚度的时光,无法挽回。(=time which is lost)
(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定语。
1. Everything used should be marked.所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
2. Among the invited were some ladies.被邀请的人中,有些是女士。
3. The books left are for my students.剩下的书是给我的学生的。
②动词-ed形式短语作定语时,通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面,在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的`过去分词作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)则表示完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。
1. Is there anything planned for tonight?今晚有什么活动吗? (=that has been planned for tonight)
2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success.这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people)
drank some boiled water (=which had boiled )and went on with our work.我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。
注意:这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词,改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。
总结一例英语 第3篇
一.a和an的区别
不定冠词有a和an两种形式,a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前,an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。
例如:a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book
不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n)
二.不定冠词的用法
1.泛指某一类人、事或物;相当于any,这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。
A horst is an animal
2.泛指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。
A girl is waiting for you.
3.表示数量,有一的意思,但数的概念没有one强烈。
I have a computer.
4.表示每一,相当于every.
I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。
5.用在序数词前,表示又一,再一。
I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.
6.用在某些固定词组中:
a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,for a long time,have a good time ,have a look
三.定冠词的用法
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物,这是定冠词的基本用法。
The book on the desk is mine
2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
Open the window, please.
3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。
I have a car. The car is red.
4.指世界上独一无二的事物。
Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?
5.用在序数词,形容词最高级前。
The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.
6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall 长城,the United States 美国
7.用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人。
the poor穷人, the blind盲人
8用在姓氏复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妻俩。
the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩
9.用在方位词前。
on the left在左边,in the middle of在中间
10.用在乐器名称前。
She plays the piano every day.
11.用在表示海洋,河流,山脉,群岛及国家和党派等名词前。
the Black Sea黑海,the Yangzi River长江
12.用在某些固定词组中:
all the same仍然;all the time一直;at the moment此刻;at the same time同时;by the way顺便说;do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服;in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上;in the open air 在户外,在野外
四.零冠词的用法
1.棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词
Play chess play football have supper
特例:当football,basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词:I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football?那只足球在哪儿?(指足球,并非球类运动)
2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.
In July in summer on Monday on Teachers’ Day
3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词
Beijing is the capital of China
4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词
Math is hard to learn
5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词
They are workers I like eating apples
6.名词前已有物主代词(my,your,his,her等)、指示代词(this/these,that/those)、不定代词(some,any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词
my book(正);my the book(误)
7.在表特定的公园,街道,车站,桥,学校等之前。
Middle School
五.用与不用冠词的差异
in hospital住院 /in the hospital在医院里
in front of在…(外部的)前面 /in the front of在…(内部的)前面
at table进餐 /at the table在桌子旁
by sea乘船 /by the sea在海边
go to school(church…)上学(做礼拜…) /go to the school(church…)到学校(教堂…)去
two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人)
next year明年 /the next year 第二年
a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)
/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)
总结一例英语 第4篇
Unit 1 --Unit 2
(1)问候语:
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.
How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.
Hi! Hello!
How do you do?
(2)道别用语:
Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)
Nice to meet/ see you, too.
Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!
(3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...
(4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:
Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。
(5)词组be from = come from
(6)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答。 例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.
What are those?----They are books.
(7)对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.
(8)look the same = have the same looks
give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.
be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)
in red(穿着红色的衣服)
in the desk(在空间范围之内)
in English(用英语)
help sb. do sth.
(9)both与all的区别:
both表示_两者都......_;all表示_三者及以上都......_。
总结一例英语 第5篇
Prefer doing…to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
优势/劣势
since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,介词since与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……至今已经多久了。
sb to do sth=persuade sb in to doing sth说服某人做某事
4.强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说,如果被强调部分是人时,用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物,只能用连词that。
not…until的强调句
of喜欢,喜爱
尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句
①although从句多在句首,though从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置,而且though可以作副词用于句末,作“但是,不过”讲,而although无此用法。
②asthough(仿佛,好像),eventhough(即使,尽管)中不能用although。
③though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首,此用法同as),而although不可以。
on doingsth/sth.一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大
关心在乎
carefor喜欢,照料,照顾
one's mind改变主意
经历/经验
可作为从属连词,作“一(旦)……就……”解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时现在完成时表将来。
Once you have be gun you must continue.
in让步give up放弃
of代替,而不是
up one's mind to do下定决心做某事
parcel of一大包
像往常一样
up our tent搭帐篷
awake睡不着,醒着stay up熬夜
company做伴
beneath the stars躺在星空下
hardly wait to do=can't wait to do迫不及待做某事
走正确的方向
a very slow pace.以很慢的速度
similar to类似于
to do sth付得起,能承担
tired from因……而疲劳betiredof对……厌倦
in high spirits喜气洋洋,兴高采烈
true实现,成真
sb some advice on doing...
to………的指南
at our在游览中,在巡演中
detail详细地
总结一例英语 第6篇
39. sound+形容词 听起来……The song sounds beautiful.
40. not…any more(句末)=no more(can, be动词后行为动词前)不再……I can’t help you any more=I can no more help you. He doesn’t go there any more=He no more goes there.
41. a waste of time/money时间/金钱的浪费 It’s a waste of time if you go on like this.
42. waste time doing sth.浪费时间做某事 Don’t waste time doing anything hopeless.
43. many times 很多次I read the text many times.
44. would like sth. =want sth想要某物I would like some help.
45. would like to do sth.想做某事 I would like to visit the Great Wall.
46. would like sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事I would like him to help me.
47. discuss sth =talk about sth.讨论……
48. go on a trip=make a trip=have a trip=take a trip旅行,后接介词to的短语表示去向.
I am going on a happy trip to Japan next Monday.
49. go on 常与旅游,远足,野餐,航海等名词连用,表示“去,进行”
50. go on a picnic=have a picnic举行野餐
51. go on a hike= go hiking去远足
52. go on 还有“继续”的意思,后接 After a short rest, I go on writing the letter.
53. go+. 表示去从事某一活动。
54. go boating/shopping/swimming/hiking/skiing/skating/dancing/sailing/climbing
55. do some +v,ing 表示“干,做……”
56. do some reading/shopping/cleaning/washing/writing/running/speaking
57. go/ walk/run the wrong way走错路
58. be good at sth =do well in sth.擅长于…… He is good at English=He does well in English.
59. be good at doing sth,擅长于做…He is good at singing/swimming/drawing/playing football.
60. be good to sb.=be friendly to sb=be kind to sb.对某人友好. Our teacher is good to us.
61. be good for sth.对……有好处,有益 Taking a walk after supper is good for your health.
62. on a trip在旅游中。类似表达:on holiday,在度假 on a visit在访问
63. have problems doing sth.=have trouble/difficulty doing sth.做某事有困难Do you have problems finishing the work in two hours?
64. be far from…离……远The moon is far from the earth.
65. trip over 被……绊倒She often trips over her shoes.
66. hurry up!=be quick!快点,表催促 Hurry up! Or you will be late.
67. hurry to +地名=go/come to…in a hurry匆忙赶往He hurries to school=He goes to school in a hurry.
68. hurry off匆忙离去 He hurries off to look after the man.
69. hurry home/there匆忙回家/到那里
70. be/feel tired觉得劳累
71. be /feel tired from因……感到疲倦 Are you tired from such a long walk?
72. be tired of 对……感到厌倦 I am tired of reading this kind of book.
73. on the top of在……顶部 There is a bird on the top of the building.
74. go to a party去参加晚会 I am going to a birthday party tomorrow.
75. the day after tomorrow后天
76. be the first(one)to do sth. 第一个做……He is the first student to get to school every day.
77. the coming field trip即将到来的郊外旅行
78. have a fun field trip愉快的郊外旅行
79. hike to the top of the mountain徒步走上山顶
80. put…in order按正确的顺序 Please put the sentences in order.
81. lots of=a lot of许多
82. too many太多,后接可数名词的复数。He has too many books in his room.
83. too much 太多,后接不可数名词。He drinks too much coke every day.
84. much too 太,很,非常,后接形容词。The box is much too heavy.
85. in spring/summer/autumn/winter在春/夏/秋/冬。“在四季”不加介词。
86. be free=be not busy=have time . I have time today=I am free today.
87. be free to do sth.有空做某事,随意做某事. You are free to go to the park or go to the zoo.
总结一例英语 第7篇
名词性虚拟语气
在表示命令、建议、要求、惊叹的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气。基本句型为:主语+should+动词原形,例如:
1、Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed atnine o'clock(宾语从句)
2、It was required that the crops (should) be:harvested at once。(主语从句)
3、The suggestion that he (should) be invited wasrejected。(同位语从句)
4、That is their demand that their wages (should) bemcreased。(表语从句)
注意:在这种句子中绝不能出现“would”“must”“could”等。
总结一例英语 第8篇
The用法
1.表示特指的人或物
例:Please hand me the key on the desk. 请把桌上的钥匙递给我。
The girl in red is his sister. 穿红色衣服的女孩是他妹妹。
The building over there is the tallest in the town. 那边那幢大楼是这个城里最高的。
I like the music of the film. 我喜欢这部电影的音乐。
2.表示双方都知道的或心中明白的人或物
例: Shut the door, please. 请关门。
Has he returned the book? 那本书他还了吗?
Take the blue one, it is cheaper. 拿那个蓝的,它便宜些。
3.第二次提到
某人或某物第一次提到时用不定冠词,第二次提到时要用定冠词。
例:He saw a house in the distance. Jim's parents lived in the house. 他看见远处有一所房子,吉姆的父母就住在那所房子里。
There was once an old fisherman. The old fisherman had a cat. The cat was white. 从前有一个老渔夫。这个老渔夫有一只猫。这只猫是只白猫。
4.用在世界上独一无二的名词前
the sun太阳, the earth地球, the moon月亮,
the sky天空, the world 世界
例:The moon goes round the earth. 月亮绕着地球转。
There is not any cloud in the sky. 天空中没有一丝云彩。
It was a fine day in spring. The sun shone brightly. 这是一个晴朗的春日,阳光灿烂。
He is the richest man in the world. 他是世界上最富的.人。
5.用在表示方向、方位的名词前
the east东方,the west西方,the south南方,
the north北方,the right右边,the left左边
例:The birds are flying to the north. 这些鸟向北方飞去。
The moon rises in the east and sets in the west. 月亮从东方升起,在西方落下。
The wind was blowing from the south. 风从南方吹来。
She lived to the west of the Summer Palace. 她住在颐和园的西边。
总结一例英语 第9篇
1. foot---feet 脚 tooth---teeth 牙齿
2. have a cold 感冒
3. have a stomachache 胃疼
4. have a sore back背疼
5. have a sore throat喉咙疼
6. have a fever发烧
7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息
8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶
9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生
lots of water多喝水
of ,a lot of, a lot
a lot of=lots of,可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词,一般用在肯定句中。:
There are lots of ( a lot of) books in our library.
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot,是一个副词词组,跟动词连用;表示十分的意思;Thanks a lot.
12. have a toothache牙疼
13. That’s a good idea好主意
14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉
15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well
我感觉不舒服.
16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事
TO DO 是一件事情完成了,开始做另外一件事情DOING是原来的那件事情做到一半,现在又开始做了,是同一件事情。
17. two days ago两天前
18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿
19. I think so我认为是这样
20. be thirsty口渴
21. be hungry 饥饿
22. be stressed out紧张
23. listen to music听音乐
24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
26. need to do sth 需要做某事
27. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡
28. for example例如
29. too much yin太多的阴, 阴气太盛
too much + 不可数名词 太多的`…
much too +形/副 实在太… 极其,非常
too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…
good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ,对什么有好处
be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害
be good to 对…好
be good at =do well in 在……方面好,擅长
good grades 取得好成绩
用法
be angry with sb生某人的气
be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气
medicine 中药
popular in + some place 在某地很流行
Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries.
现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。
western countries在西方国家
’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。
It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。
diet平衡饮食
tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired
out at night在晚上出去
healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health
the moment此时,此刻= now
sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself(反身代词) 玩得高兴,过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun
43. conversation practice会话练习
44. host family 寄宿家庭
45. have a lot of headaches经常疼痛
I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳,而且经常头痛。
46. a few + 可数名词复数 少许…
a little + 不可数名词/形/副 一点…
shouldn’t eat anything
=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.
8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时
medicine 吃药 服药
总结一例英语 第10篇
重点单词
starve plenty satisfy feast hunt
origin trick independence gather harvest
agricultural custom admire energetic shape
religious social permission possibility grateful
apologize sadness obvious forgive decorate
award ancestor festival beauty celebrate
ancient light honor belief spirit
Christian weep wipe event sweets
poet drown heart—broken
重点短语
take place in memory of play a trick on
look forward to as though have fun with sb。
turn up keep one’s word hold one’s breath
do harm to dress up day and night
set off throw away
总结一例英语 第11篇
现在进行时,从字面上理解,就是“现在正在进行、发生的动作”,表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的,什么时候会停下来,不是我们关心的。所以“正在进行时”的事件,可能发生几年了,也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。
一、现在进行时的构成
现在进行时由_be+现在分词(v-ing)_构成。be应为助动词,一定不要漏掉哟!它应与主语的人称和数保持一致,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are. 。现在分词变化规则如下:
1.动词后直接+ ing(例:sleep+ing sleeping)
2.去掉不发音的e+ing(例:bite-e+ing biting)
3.重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing(例: sitting
sitting, beginning,getting,putting,running,stopping,cutting )
4.特殊变化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying
句式构成如下:
肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它.
否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它.
一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它? ,,
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它?
二、现在进行时的应用
A表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 例:We are waiting for you.
B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 例:Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) 例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动。
Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了) were flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)
在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况:
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week, these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。如:
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如:
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
常见考法
对于现在进行时的考查,多以单选或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中,会让大家判断是否该用现在进行时,或填写现在分词,或进行句型转换。
典型例题1: Listen, who________(sing) in the music room?
解析:以 listen开头,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。所以应用is singing
典型例题2:The boys are visiting the history museum。(对划线部分提问)
解析:对动作提问用What,现在进行时,把are 提到主语前,加doing。
答案:What are the boys doing?
误区提醒
在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作,用现在进行时表示将来时,这类情况常与come来,go去, leave离开,depart离开,arrive到达,stay逗留,start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态,主语必须是人。
典型例题:They are (leave)for New York tomorrow.
解析:题意为“明天他们将要动身前往纽约”。虽然tomorrow 表示“明天”,表达未来,但leave要用现在进行时表示将来时,所以应用leaving 。
答案:leaving
总结一例英语 第12篇
1. means n. 方法;途径
2. experience n. 经验
3. equipment n. 设备
4. successful adj. 成功的
5. protect v. 保护
6. handle v. 处理
7. consider v. 考虑
8. benefit n. 利益
9. particular adj. 特别的
10. effect n. 效果
11. combine v. 合并
12. unforgettable adj. 不会忘记的
13. advance v. 前进
14. seize v. 抓住
15. struggle v. 奋斗
16. fear v. & n. 害怕
17. strike v. 敲打
18. destroy v. 毁掉
19. publish v. 出版
20. naughty adj. 调皮的
总结一例英语 第13篇
will与would的区别
1.表示意愿时的区别
will 表示现在的意愿,would 表示过去的意愿:
Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。
She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿意同他们一起去。
2.表示征求意见或提出请求的区别
主要用于第二人称的疑问句中,will 和 would 均可用,would 此时并不表示过去,而表示委婉语气:
Won’t you take off your coat? 你要不要把大衣脱掉?
Will you please post the letter for me? 请帮我寄了这封信好吗?
3.表示习惯和倾向性的区别
will 表示现在的习惯,would 表示过去的习惯:
This window won’t open. 这扇窗户经常打不开。
When he was a child, he would often go skating. 他小时候经常去滑冰。
would like / would love可视为习语,意为“想要”,其后接名词、代词或不定式:
I would like a cup of tea. 我想要杯茶。
We would love to go with him. 我们想同他一起去。
总结一例英语 第14篇
如果一个动词加上了ing变成了名词,那么这个词称动名词。 由于动名词是由动词变化而来,它仍保留着动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形式,用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。
动名词的作用
1、作主语
1)、 直接位于句首做主语。例如: Swimming is a good sport in summer.
2)、 用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 动名词做主语时,不太常用 it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如: It is no use telling him not to worry.
3)、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较:动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较: Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much.
2、作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)
3、作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如: a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing 。
4、作宾语
例:We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。
5、有些词后只能接动名词 ,不能跟不定式。 allow;avoid; celebrate; consider; discontinue; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help; imagine; keep; it means;mind; miss; practice; prevent;等
6、另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用短语。 spend money/time; think of, give up, put off, insist on, be good at, do well in, cant help, keep on, feel like, be tired (afraid, capable, fond) of, look forward to, be used to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to,
7、 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可,例如:remember, forget, try, stop, go on, stop,regret,, mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意义截然不容。 例: like doing sth 表经常性动作like to do sth表习惯性动作;
stop doing sth,停止正在做的事情stop to do sth停下来做另外一件事; remember,forget,regret的不定时结构指后于谓语动词的动作,动词的ing形式则先于谓语动词的动作 remember to do/doing: ①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作) ②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作)
try to(努力)与try +–ing(试验): ①I tried not to go there.(我设法不去那里)
②I tried doing it again.(我试着又干了一次);go on to do sth继续做某事(不是同一件事), go on doing sth继续做某事(同一件事);
常见考法
对于动名词的考查,在单项和词语运用中出现的较多,常常考到一些动名词的固定用法。
典型例题:Do you mind_________ me with my work.?
help
解析:本题考查动名词的用法。Mind后跟动名词,表示“介意做某事”,不可以跟不定式。
答案:C
误区提醒
有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可,但意义截然不容,那几个词以及两种句型的不同之处必须牢记在心,因为这是我们经常出错的地方。
典型例题:Dont forget _____ this book to John when you see him.
A. to return B. returning C. return D. to returning
解析:本题考查forget加不定式和动名词的区别。Forget to do表示“忘记曾经做过某事”,事情已经做过; forget doing表示“忘记去做某事”,事情还没做。根据语境“当你见到John 的时候,别忘记把这本书给他”,可知事情还没做,应该用不定式。
答案:A
总结一例英语 第15篇
一、表示时间的介词
时间介词有in , on,at, after, since,during,by,before,after,until等,前三个介词用法有个口诀: at午夜、点与分,上午、下午、晚用in。
年、月、年月、季节、周,之前加上介词in。
将来时态多久后,这些情形亦用in。
日子、日期、年月日,星期之前要用on。
其余几组常见的时间介词辨析如下辨析如下:
1、时间介词in与after 的用法辨析
介词 in + 一段时间用于一般将来时。如:We’ll go to school in two weeks.
介词after + 一段时间用于一般过去时。如:My mother came home after half an hour.
介词after + 时间点常用于一般将来时。如:We’ll go out for a walk after supper.
2、时间介词for与since的用法辨析
介词for 表示一段时间如:I have been living here for 10 years.
介词since 表示从过去某一时间以来如:I have been living here since 20__.
3、时间介词before与by的用法辨析
介词before表示“在…之前”如:He won’t come back before five .
介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”如:The work must be finished by Friday.
4、时间介词during与for的用法辨析
当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如:He swims every day during the summer.
如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如:I haven’t seen her for years.
5、时间介词till与until用法的异同
till和until用在肯定句中,均可表示“直到…为止”,如:I will wait till(until)seven oclock.
till和until用在否定句中,均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。
如:Tom didnt come back till(until)midnight.
till多用于普通文体,而 until则用于多种文体,并且在句子开头时,用until而不用till如:Until he comes back,nothing can be done.
注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。
二、表示方位的介词
常用的表示方位的介词用法及辨析如下:
1、方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析
介词on表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起,如:The book is on the table.
介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…上方”,如:Is there any bridge over the river?
介词above表示一般的“高于…”,“在…之上”,如:There was an electric clock above his bed.
2、方位介词under与below的用法辨析
介词under是over的反义词即“在…下方”,如:They were seen under the tree.
介词below是above的反义词即“低于…”,“在…之下”,如:They live below us.
3、方位介词across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析
介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”,强调从表面穿过。
如:She went across the street to make some purchases.
介词through着重于“穿越”,强调从一定的空间内穿过。
如:The sunlight was coming in through the window.
介词over多表示从“上方越过”,如:He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
介词past表示从“面前经过”,如:Someone has just gone past the window.
4、地点介词at与in的用法辨析
介词at表示较小的地方,如家、村、乡村等,如:He lives at a small village.
介词in表示较大的地方,如大城市、国家、洲等,如:He lives in Beijing.
5、表示东南西北的时候,地点介词in、on、to的用法辨析
介词in表示“包含”如:Beijing is in the north of China.
介词on表示“紧邻”如:Canada lies on the north of the .
介词to表示“没接触”如:France lies to the south of England.
三、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词by,in,on,with.
1、by,in,on,表示交通方式。用by 时,交通工具前不用任何词;用 in和on 时,交通工具前用冠词或形容词性物主代词。例如by car=in a car,by bike=on a bike.
2、表示手段或工具,with后跟具体工具,如I write with a pen;in表示使用某种语言或墨水、颜色等原料,例如:in English.
四、介词的固定搭配
across from在对面 look for 寻找 look after 照顾 get on with 与某人相处
agree with 同意(某人) arrive at(in) 到达 ask for 询问 begin…with 从……开始 believe in 相信 break off 打断 break out 爆发 bring down 降低 bring in 引进 bring up 教育,培养 build up 建起 burn down 烧光 call back 回电话 call for 要求约请 call on 拜访 访问 care for 喜欢 carry on 继续开展 carry out 实行开展 check out 查明 结帐 come about 发生,产生 come out 出来 come to 共计 达到 compare…with 与……比较 compare to 比作 cut off 切断 date from 始于 depend on 依靠 devote to 献于 die out 灭亡 divide up 分配 dream of 梦想 fall off 下降 fall over 跌倒 feed on 以……为食 get down to 专心于 get through 通过
常见考法
对于介词的考察,通常是以单项选择或完形填空形式考查介词用法,尤其是几个易混淆的代词。另外,介词与动词和形容词构成的固定搭配也是常见的考试内容。
误区提醒
1、掌握介词固定搭配
2、准确把握介词及介词短语的基本意义和用法。
典型例题1:Peter usually gets up early the morning.
A in B on C at D of
解析;这是20__年北京市的一道中考题,本题考查时间介词的用法。“在早上”应为in the morning.
答案:A
典型例题2:-How do you usually go to school?
- my bike.
A By B In C On
解析; 虽然介词by表示“乘坐”,但是它所接的名词前没有限定词,即by bike.而本题中bike 前有限定词my,这时应用on.
答案:C